bismuto — Bi
L'elemento chimico bismuto è un elemento di tipo Povero metallo e simbolo Bi. Ha una massa atomica di 208.9804 u e una configurazione elettronica [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3.
Synthétique
Radioactif
Liquide
Gaz
271.4°
1560°
1560°
208.9804
83
-3
3
5
3
5
Bi
2
8
18
32
18
5
8
18
32
18
5
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
2.02
7.2856
Diagramma di configurazione elettronica
caratteristiche
- Numero atomico
- 83
- Massa atomica
- 208.9804
- Simbolo
- Bi
- Punto di fusione
- 271.4
- Punto di ebollizione
- 1560
- Densità
- 9.807
- Periodo
- 6
- Gruppo
- 15
- Scoperta
- 1753 Geoffroy the Younger
- Abbondanza
- 0.009
- Raggio
- 1.6
- Elettronegatività
- 2.02
- Ionizzazione
- 7.2856
- Isotopo
- 19
- Configurazione elettronica
- [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
- Stato di ossidazione
- -3,3,5
- Elettrone
- 2,8,18,32,18,5
Minerali contenenti bismuto
| nome | Durezza | Densità | Formula chimica |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abramovite | — | 0.00 | Pb2SnInBiS7 |
| Aikinite | — | 6.10 | CuPbBiS3 |
| Aiolosite | — | 3.59 | Na2(Na2Bi)(SO4)3Cl |
| Aleksite | — | 7.00 | PbBi2Te2S2 |
| Ángelaite | — | 0.00 | Cu2AgPbBiS4 |
| Annivite | — | 0.00 | Cu10(Fe,Zn)2Bi4S13 |
| Aramayoite | — | 5.60 | Ag3Sb2(Bi,Sb)S6 |
| Arcubisite | — | 0.00 | Ag6CuBiS4 |
| Argesite | — | 2.84 | (NH4)7Bi3Cl16 |
| Arsenohauchecornite | — | 6.35 | Ni18Bi3AsS16 |
| Arsenowaylandite | — | 0.00 | BiAl3(AsO4)2(OH)6 |
| Aschamalmite | — | 7.27 | Pb6-3xBi2+xS9 |
| Asselbornite | — | 0.00 | Pb(UO2)4(BiO)3(AsO4)2(OH)7·4H2O |
| Atelestite | — | 6.82 | Bi2O(AsO4)(OH) |
| Atlasovite | — | 4.20 | Cu2+6Fe3+Bi3+O4(SO4)5·KCl |
| Babkinite | — | 8.09 | Pb2Bi2(S,Se)3 |
| Baksanite | — | 8.10 | Bi6Te2S3 |
| Balicžunicite | — | 5.91 | Bi2O(SO4)2 |
| Benjaminite | — | 6.70 | Ag3Bi7S12 |
| Berryite | — | 6.70 | Cu3Ag2Pb3Bi7S16 |
| Beyerite | — | 6.56 | CaBi2O2(CO3)2 |
| Bismite | — | 8.50 | Bi2O3 |
| Bismoclite | — | 7.72 | BiOCl |
| Bismuth | — | 9.70 | Bi |
| Bismuthinite | — | 6.80 | Bi2S3 |
| Bismutite | — | 7.00 | Bi2O2(CO3) |
| Bismutocolumbite | — | 7.56 | BiNbO4 |
| Bismutoferrite | — | 4.47 | Fe3+2Bi(SiO4)2(OH) |
| Bismutohauchecornite | — | 6.00 | Ni9Bi2S8 |
| Bismutomicrolite | — | 6.83 | (Bi,Ca)2Ta2(O,OH)7 |
| Bismutopyrochlore | — | 4.97 | (Bi,U,Ca,Pb)1+xNb2O6(OH)·nH2O |
| Bismutostibiconite | — | 7.38 | (Bi3+,Fe3+)2Sb5+2O7 |
| Bismutotantalite | — | 8.51 | BiTaO4 |
| Bleasdaleite | — | 0.00 | Ca2Cu5(Bi,Cu)(PO4)4(H2O,OH,Cl)13 |
| Bohdanowiczite | — | 7.87 | AgBiSe2 |
| Borodaevite | — | 7.90 | Ag4.83Fe0.21Pb0.45(Bi,Sb)8.84S16 |
| Bouazzerite | — | 2.81 | Bi6(Mg,Co)11Fe14(AsO4)18O12(OH)4·86H2O |
| Brendelite | — | 6.83 | (Bi,Pb)2(Fe3+,Fe2+)O2(OH)PO4 |
| Buckhornite | — | 8.00 | (Pb2BiS3)(AuTe2) |
| Campostriniite | — | 3.87 | (Bi2.5Na0.5)(NH4)2Na2(SO4)6·H2O |
| Cannizzarite | — | 6.70 | Pb8Bi10S23 |
| Cannonite | — | 6.52 | Bi2O(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Changchengite | — | 11.96 | IrBiS |
| Chekhovichite | — | 6.88 | Bi3+2Te4+4O11 |
| Chiluite | — | 3.65 | Bi3Te6+Mo6+O10.5 |
| Chrombismite | — | 9.80 | Bi16CrO27 |
| Ciriottiite | — | 0.00 | Cu4Pb19(Sb,As,Bi)22(As2)S56 |
| Clino-oscarkempffite | — | 0.00 | Ag15Pb6Sb21Bi18S72 |
| Clinobisvanite | — | 6.95 | BiVO4 |
| Cobaltneustädtelite | — | 5.81 | Bi2Fe3+(Co,Fe3+)(AsO4)2(O,OH)4 |
| Cosalite | — | 6.40 | Pb2Bi2S5 |
| Crerarite | — | 7.00 | (Pt,Pb)Bi3(S,Se)4-x (x= 0.4-0.8) |
| Cuprobismutite | — | 6.47 | Cu8AgBi13S24 |
| Cupromakopavonite | — | 0.00 | Cu8Ag3Pb4Bi19S38 |
| Cupromakovickyite | — | 6.78 | Cu4AgPb2Bi9S18 |
| Cuproneyite | — | 7.11 | Cu7Pb27Bi25S68 |
| Cupropavonite | — | 7.00 | Cu0.9Ag0.5Pb0.6Bi2.5S5 |
| Dantopaite | — | 6.74 | Ag5Bi13S22 |
| Daubréeite | — | 6.50 | BiO(OH) |
| Demicheleite-(Br) | — | 0.00 | BiSBr |
| Demicheleite-(Cl) | — | 0.00 | BiSCl |
| Demicheleite-(I) | — | 0.00 | BiSI |
| Dreyerite | — | 6.25 | BiVO4 |
| Dukeite | — | 7.17 | Bi3+24Cr6+8O57(OH)6·3H2O |
| Eclarite | — | 6.85 | (Cu,Fe)Pb9Bi12S28 |
| Eldragónite | — | 0.00 | Cu6BiSe4(Se2) |
| Emilite | — | 7.02 | Cu10.7Pb10.7Bi21.3S48 |
| Emplectite | — | 6.30 | CuBiS2 |
| Erzwiesite | — | 0.00 | Ag8Pb12Bi16S40 |
| Eskimoite | — | 7.10 | Ag7Pb10Bi15S36 |
| Eulytine | — | 6.76 | Bi4(SiO4)3 |
| Favreauite | — | 4.85 | PbBiCu6O4(SeO3)4(OH)·H2O |
| Fluornatromicrolite | — | 6.49 | (Na1.5Bi0.5)Ta2O6F |
| Francisite | — | 5.00 | Cu3Bi(Se4+O3)2O2Cl |
| Friedrichite | — | 6.98 | Cu5Pb5Bi7S18 |
| Froodite | — | 12.50 | PdBi2 |
| Galenobismutite | — | 6.90 | PbBi2S4 |
| Gananite | — | 8.00 | BiF3 |
| Garavellite | — | 5.64 | FeSbBiS4 |
| Gelosaite | — | 5.11 | BiMo6+(2-5x)Mo5+6xO7(OH)·H2O (0=x=0.4) |
| Geversite | — | 10.97 | PtSb2 |
| Giessenite | — | 7.45 | (Cu,Fe)2Pb26.4(Bi,Sb)19.6S57 |
| Gladite | — | 6.96 | CuPbBi5S9 |
| Gratianite | — | 0.00 | MnBi2S4 |
| Grumiplucite | — | 7.02 | HgBi2S4 |
| Grundmannite | — | 6.58 | CuBiSe2 |
| Guanajuatite | — | 6.25 | Bi2Se3 |
| Gustavite | — | 7.01 | AgPbBi3S6 |
| Hammarite | — | 6.73 | Cu2Pb2Bi4S9 |
| Hansblockite | — | 0.00 | (Cu,Hg)(Bi,Pb)Se2 |
| Hauchecornite | — | 6.36 | Ni9BiSbS8 |
| Hechtsbergite | — | 6.87 | Bi2O(VO4)(OH) |
| Hedleyite | — | 8.91 | Bi7Te3 |
| Heyrovskýite | — | 7.11 | Pb6Bi2S9 |
| Hodrušite | — | 6.45 | Cu4Bi6S11 |
| Ikunolite | — | 7.80 | Bi4S3 |
| Ingodite | — | 7.00 | Bi2TeS |
| Insizwaite | — | 12.80 | PtBi2 |
| Izoklakeite | — | 6.47 | Pb26.4(Cu,Fe)2(Sb,Bi)19.6S57 |
| Jaskólskiite | — | 6.50 | CuxPb2+x(Sb,Bi)2-xS5 (x~0.2) |
| Jonassonite | — | 0.00 | Au(Bi,Pb)5S4 |
| Joséite-A | — | 8.00 | Bi4TeS2 |
| Joséite-B | — | 8.30 | Bi4Te2S |
| Joséite-C | — | 0.00 | Bi16Te3S9 |
| Juanitaite | — | 3.61 | (Cu,Ca,Fe)10Bi(AsO4)4(OH)11·2H2O |
| Junoite | — | 6.77 | Cu2Pb3Bi8S16 |
| Kalungaite | — | 7.59 | PdAsSe |
| Kawazulite | — | 7.79 | Bi2Te2Se |
| Kettnerite | — | 5.80 | CaBiO(CO3)F |
| Kirkiite | — | 6.00 | Pb10Bi3As3S19 |
| Kobellite | — | 6.30 | Pb11(Cu,Fe)2(Bi,Sb)15S35 |
| Kochkarite | — | 7.89 | PbBi4Te7 |
| Koechlinite | — | 8.26 | Bi2MoO6 |
| Kotulskite | — | 8.26 | Pd(Te,Bi)2-x (x~0.4) |
| Krupkaite | — | 6.00 | PbCuBi3S6 |
| Kudriavite | — | 6.58 | (Cd,Pb)Bi2S4 |
| Kupcíkite | — | 6.42 | Cu3.4Fe0.6Bi5S10 |
| Kusachiite | — | 8.50 | Cu2+Bi3+2O4 |
| Kyawthuite | — | 8.13 | Bi3+Sb5+O4 |
| Laitakarite | — | 8.12 | Bi4Se3 |
| Larosite | — | 6.00 | (Cu,Ag)21PbBiS13 |
| Leguernite | — | 7.38 | Bi38O42(SO4)15 |
| Lévyclaudite | — | 6.00 | Pb8Cu3Sn7(Bi,Sb)3S28 |
| Lillianite | — | 7.00 | Pb3-2xAgxBi2+xS6 |
| Lindströmite | — | 7.01 | Pb3Cu3Bi7S15 |
| Lisiguangite | — | 7.42 | CuPtBiS3 |
| Litochlebite | — | 7.90 | Ag2PbBi4Se8 |
| Makovickyite | — | 6.70 | Cu1.12Ag0.81Pb0.27Bi5.35S9 |
| Maldonite | — | 15.46 | Au2Bi |
| Malyshevite | — | 0.00 | PdCuBiS3 |
| Mambertiite | — | 0.00 | BiMo5+2.80O8(OH) |
| Marcobaldiite | — | 0.00 | Pb12(Sb3As2Bi)S21 |
| Markhininite | — | 5.91 | TlBi(SO4)2 |
| Maslovite | — | 0.00 | PtBiTe |
| Matildite | — | 6.90 | AgBiS2 |
| Mayingite | — | 12.72 | IrBiTe |
| Medenbachite | — | 5.90 | Bi2Fe3+Cu2+(AsO4)2O(OH)3 |
| Merenskyite | — | 0.00 | PdTe2 |
| Michenerite | — | 9.50 | PdBiTe |
| Miharaite | — | 6.06 | PbCu4FeBiS6 |
| Mixite | — | 3.80 | Cu2+6Bi(AsO4)3(OH)6·3H2O |
| Moncheite | — | 10.00 | Pt(Te,Bi)2 |
| Montanite | — | 3.80 | Bi3+2Te6+O6·2H2O |
| Mozgovaite | — | 0.00 | PbBi4(S,Se)7 |
| Mrázekite | — | 4.90 | Bi2Cu3(PO4)2O2(OH)2·2H2O |
| Mückeite | — | 5.88 | CuNiBiS3 |
| Mummeite | — | 6.64 | Cu0.58Ag3.11Pb1.10Bi6.65S13 |
| Mutnovskite | — | 6.18 | Pb2AsS3I |
| Nagyágite | — | 7.50 | [Pb(Pb,Sb)S2][(Au,Te)] |
| Namibite | — | 6.86 | Cu(BiO)2VO4(OH) |
| Natrobistantite | — | 6.10 | NaBi(Ta,Nb,Sb)4(O,OH)12 |
| Neustädtelite | — | 5.81 | Bi2Fe3+(Fe3+,Co)2(AsO4)2(O,OH)4 |
| Nevskite | — | 7.00 | Bi(Se,S) |
| Neyite | — | 7.02 | Ag2Cu6Pb25Bi26S68 |
| Nickellotharmeyerite | — | 4.45 | CaNi2(AsO4)2·2H2O |
| Nickelschneebergite | — | 5.23 | BiNi2(AsO4)2(OH)·H2O |
| Nordströmite | — | 7.00 | Pb3CuBi7S14 |
| Nuffieldite | — | 7.01 | Cu1.4Pb2.4Bi2.4Sb0.2S7 |
| Orthowalpurgite | — | 6.50 | (UO2)Bi4O4(AsO4)2·2H2O |
| Oscarkempffite | — | 5.80 | Ag10Pb4(Sb17Bi9)S48 |
| Ourayite | — | 7.11 | Ag3Pb4Bi5S13 |
| Owyheeite | — | 6.22 | Ag3Pb10Sb11S28 |
| Paarite | — | 6.94 | Cu1.7Pb1.7Bi6.3S12 |
| Paderaite | — | 6.91 | Cu7(Cu,Ag)0.33Pb1.33Bi11.33S22 |
| Padmaite | — | 9.00 | PdBiSe |
| Paganoite | — | 0.00 | NiBi3+OAsO4 |
| Palladobismutharsenide | — | 10.86 | Pd2(As,Bi) |
| Paraguanajuatite | — | 6.60 | Bi2Se3 |
| Parkerite | — | 8.50 | Ni3(Bi,Pb)2S2 |
| Paulkellerite | — | 6.00 | Bi3+2Fe3+O2(PO4)(OH)2 |
| Pavonite | — | 6.80 | AgBi3S5 |
| Pekoite | — | 6.00 | CuPbBi11S18 |
| Perite | — | 8.16 | PbBiO2Cl |
| Petitjeanite | — | 7.00 | Bi3O(PO4)2(OH) |
| Petrovicite | — | 7.71 | Cu3HgPbBiSe5 |
| Phosphowalpurgite | — | 4.59 | (UO2)Bi4O4(PO4)2·2H2O |
| Pilsenite | — | 8.41 | Bi4Te3 |
| Pingguite | — | 8.44 | Bi6Te4+2O13 |
| Pizgrischite | — | 0.00 | (Cu,Fe)Cu14PbBi17S34 |
| Polarite | — | 12.51 | Pd(Bi,Pb) |
| Pottsite | — | 7.00 | (Pb3Bi)Bi(VO4)4·H2O |
| Poubaite | — | 7.00 | PbBi2(Se,Te,S)4 |
| Preisingerite | — | 7.24 | Bi3O(AsO4)2(OH) |
| Protojoséite | — | 8.48 | Bi3TeS |
| Proudite | — | 7.12 | Cu2Pb16Bi20(S,Se)47 |
| Pucherite | — | 6.25 | BiVO4 |
| Riomarinaite | — | 4.80 | BiSO4(OH)·H2O |
| Rooseveltite | — | 6.86 | BiAsO4 |
| Rucklidgeite | — | 7.74 | PbBi2Te4 |
| Russellite | — | 7.35 | Bi2WO6 |
| Saddlebackite | — | 0.00 | Pb2Bi2Te2S3 |
| Salzburgite | — | 6.90 | Cu1.6Pb1.6Bi6.4S12 |
| Sardignaite | — | 4.82 | BiMo2O7(OH)·2H2O |
| Schapbachite | — | 7.00 | Ag0.4Pb0.2Bi0.4S |
| Schirmerite | — | 6.74 | Ag4PbBi4S9 |
| Schlegelite | — | 7.23 | Bi7O4(MoO4)2(AsO4)3 |
| Schlemaite | — | 7.54 | (Cu)6(Pb,Bi)Se4 |
| Schneebergite | — | 5.28 | BiCo2(AsO4)2(OH)·H2O |
| Schumacherite | — | 6.90 | Bi3O(VO4)2(OH) |
| Selenopolybasite | — | 0.00 | Cu(Ag,Cu)6Ag9Sb2(S,Se)9Se2 |
| Sillénite | — | 9.30 | Bi12SiO20 |
| Skippenite | — | 7.00 | Bi2Se2Te |
| Smirnite | — | 7.78 | Bi3+2Te4+O5 |
| Smrkovecite | — | 0.00 | Bi2O(OH)PO4 |
| Sobolevskite | — | 11.88 | PdBi |
| Soucekite | — | 7.60 | CuPbBi(S,Se)3 |
| Sphaerobismoite | — | 7.17 | Bi2O3 |
| Šreinite | — | 5.20 | Pb(UO2)4(BiO)3(PO4)2(OH)7·4H2O |
| Steropesite | — | 5.74 | Tl3BiCl6 |
| Stumpflite | — | 13.52 | PtSb |
| Sulphotsumoite | — | 8.00 | Bi3Te2S |
| Suseinargiuite | — | 0.00 | NaBi(MoO4)2 |
| Sztrókayite | — | 0.00 | Bi3TeS2 |
| Tavagnascoite | — | 6.33 | Bi4O4(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Tazieffite | — | 6.07 | Pb20Cd2(As,Bi)22S50Cl10 |
| Tellurobismuthite | — | 7.82 | Bi2Te3 |
| Tellurohauchecornite | — | 6.00 | Ni9BiTeS8 |
| Telluronevskite | — | 8.10 | Bi3TeSe2 |
| Terrywallaceite | — | 6.01 | AgPb(Sb,Bi)3S6 |
| Testìbiopalladite | — | 8.99 | Pd(Sb,Bi)Te |
| Tetradymite | — | 7.20 | Bi2Te2S |
| Tetrarooseveltite | — | 7.00 | BiAsO4 |
| Tintinaite | — | 5.48 | Pb10Cu2Sb16S35 |
| Treasurite | — | 7.25 | Ag7Pb6Bi15S30 |
| Tsumoite | — | 8.16 | BiTe |
| Ungavaite | — | 7.26 | Pd4Sb3 |
| Uranosphaerite | — | 6.36 | Bi(UO2)O2(OH) |
| Urvantsevite | — | 9.66 | Pd(Bi,Pb)2 |
| Ustarasite | — | 0.00 | PbBi6S10(?) |
| Vavrínite | — | 7.79 | Ni2SbTe2 |
| Vihorlatite | — | 8.00 | Bi24Se17Te4 |
| Vikingite | — | 6.00 | Ag5Pb8Bi13S30 |
| Volynskite | — | 8.01 | AgBiTe2 |
| Vurroite | — | 6.15 | Pb20Sn2(Bi,As)22S54Cl6 |
| Walpurgite | — | 5.95 | Bi4O4(UO2)(AsO4)2·2H2O |
| Watkinsonite | — | 7.00 | PbCu2Bi4Se8 |
| Waylandite | — | 3.86 | BiAl3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| Weibullite | — | 6.97 | Ag0.3Pb5.3Bi8.3(S,Se)18 |
| Wittichenite | — | 6.30 | Cu3BiS3 |
| Wittite | — | 7.12 | Pb8Bi10(S,Se)23 |
| Wittite B | — | 7.00 | Pb8Bi10S23 |
| Xilingolite | — | 7.08 | Pb3Bi2S6 |
| Ximengite | — | 5.00 | BiPO4 |
| Yecoraite | — | 5.59 | Fe3+3Bi5O9(Te4+O3)(Te6+O4)2·9H2O |
| Zaïrite | — | 4.37 | BiFe3+3(PO4)2(OH)6 |
| Zavaritskite | — | 7.88 | BiOF |
| Znamenskyite | — | 0.00 | Pb4In2Bi4S13 |
| Zvyagintsevite | — | 13.32 | Pd3Pb |